Picture from Robinson KJ et al. (2016) MicroPubl Biol "Trehalose Extends Healthspan in C. elegans."

Reviewed by: Cheryl Van Buskirk.

Picture from Hsieh, Yi-Wen et al. (2022) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1 Expression patterns of an integrated unc-62:GFP fosmid transgene in embryonic AWC neurons:(A) Genomic structure and position of the unc-62 locus and gene loci near unc-62 in chromosome V. The genomic region of the unc-62::GFP fosmid clone is shown at the bottom. All UNC-62 protein isoforms are tagged with GFP at the C- terminus from the unc-62::GFP fosmid transgene (Van Nostrand et al., 2013).(B-D) Representative images of UNC-62::GFP expression from an integrated unc-62::GFP fosmid transgene in a gastrula (B), a 1.5-fold stage embryo (C), and a 3-fold stage embryo (D). hlh-16::H1-wCherry and odr-1p::TagRFP expressed from integrated transgenes were used as early and late AWC markers, respectively. Insets in panels B-D are magnified by 2-fold. Scale bar, 10 um. Anterior to the left in B and C.

Picture from Robinson B et al. (2019) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1. UNC-108 is required for stress-induced sleep (SIS) and acts downstream of EGF signaling. (A,B) Compared to wild-type N2, unc-108(lf) mutants are defective for SIS induced by Cry5B toxin or UV light (P< 0.0001, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple comparisons test). Animals were exposed to Cry5B-expressing bacteria as described (Hill et al., 2014) and examined 20 min later, or exposed to UV radiation as described (Goetting et al., 2017) and examined 60 min later. These time points have been shown to be associated with robust ALA-dependent quiescence (Hill et al., 2014; Goetting et al., 2018). (C) LIN-3/EGF overexpression induces sleep in wild type but not in unc-108(csn2) animals (P< 0.0001, two-tailed Fisher's exact test).EGF overexpression from a hs:lin-3 transgene (Van Buskirk and Sternberg, 2007) was induced by mild heat shock (33C for 10 min) and animals were examined 60 min later for quiescence. In all panels, quiescence was defined as a complete cessation of locomotion, head movement and pharyngeal pumping during a 5 sec examination on a stereomicroscope. Mean and SD of three independent trials are shown, and each data point represents one trial of 25 well-fed young adult animals.

Picture from Park, Sangsoon et al. (2021) MicroPubl Biol

Figure 1 : Age-dependent changes in C. elegans Y RNA homologs, and the effects of yrn-1 and rop-1 mutations on lifespan. (A) A schematic showing the conserved structure of C. elegans Y RNA homologs, CeY RNA (CeY) and stem-bulge RNAs (sbRNAs). Each of CeY and sbRNAs contains a conserved cytidine bulge (Van Horn et al. 1995; Deng et al. 2006; Boria et al. 2010), a characteristic of Y RNAs. Each sbRNA also contains a highly conserved UG-CA motif. (B) A heat map showing fold changes in the levels of the CeY, sbRNAs, and rop-1 mRNA in wild-type C. elegans at days 4, 7, and 11 of adulthoods compared to those in day 1 animals, which were analyzed using qRT-PCR [n=3 except for CeY (n=6), rop-1 (n=5), CeN71 (n=5), and CeN72 (n=5)]. (C and D) qRT-PCR analysis for changes in the levels of CeY (tan), sbRNAs (gray), and rop-1 mRNA (green) under oxidative stress [7.5 mM tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH)] [(C), n=4 except for CeN74-2 (n=3), CeN75 (n=3), Ce4 (n=3), and Ce5 (n=3)] and thermal stress (33°C) conditions [(D), n=4]. Red dotted lines indicate relative RNA levels in control conditions, which are normalized to one. Inset scatter plots show relative RNA levels of CeY (dotted box). [We noticed that a part of our data in panel D are not consistent with a previous report (Deng et al. 2006). By using northern blot analysis, Deng et al. reported that the levels of several sbRNAs, including CeN71, CeN72, CeN73-2, CeN74-1, CeN76, and CeN77, were increased with heat shock (30°C) for 3 hours. In contrast, we treated worms with 33°C for 30 minutes, which may have caused the difference.] n: the number of biological repeats. P values were calculated by using two-tailed Student's t test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). (E) A schematic showing the regions altered by yrn-1(yh84) and yrn-1(yh85) mutant alleles generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. yrn-1(yh84) caused 35 base pair (bp) indel mutation (2 bp deletion and 37 bp insertion) at 4 bp upstream of yrn-1. yrn-1(yh85) caused one bp deletion at the 5' end of yrn-1, 51 bp deletion spanning 45 bp at the 3' end and 6 bp immediately downstream of yrn-1, and 2 bp insertion immediately downstream of the 45 bp deletion site. See Methods for sequence information of yrn-1(yh84) and yrn-1(yh85) mutations. (F and G) qRT-PCR analysis for the effects of yrn-1(yh84) (n=4), yrn-1(yh85) (n=2), rop-1(pk93) (n=4), and rop-1(ok2690) (n=3) on the levels of CeY (F) and rop-1 mRNA (G). Levels of CeY and rop-1 mRNA in wild-type are normalized to one. P values were calculated by using two-tailed Student's t test (*P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001). (H-K) Pooled lifespan curves of wild-type (WT) and yrn-1(yh84) (H), yrn-1(yh85) (I), rop-1(pk93) (J), and rop-1(ok2690) (K) mutant animals treated with control RNAi or daf-2 RNAi. (L) Percent animals that displayed vulval rupture phenotypes and that were subsequently censored during lifespan assays [panels H to K, n (trial number) =2]. P values were calculated by using two-tailed Student's t test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). (M and N) Statistical analysis of individual replicates of lifespan assays (panels H to K). All percent lifespan changes and P values were calculated against WT animals within each control or daf-2 RNAi-treated groups otherwise noted with superscripts. WT: percent lifespan change or P value against WT in a control RNAi condition within replicate. P values were calculated using Mantel-Cox log-rank test. s.e.m. indicates the standard error of mean.