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[
Worm Breeder's Gazette,
2001]
La quatrieme reunion annuelle des equipes francaises ayant un interet pour C. elegans se tiendra le Vendredi 23 fevrier 2001 a Luminy, Marseille. Contact: pujol@ibdm.univ-mrs.fr ewbank@ciml.univ-mrs.fr
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Staden R, Metzstein MM, Durbin RM, Wilson RK, Du Z, Berks M, Halloran N, Waterston RH, Qiu L, Sulston JE, Hawkins TL, Thomas K, Coulson AR, Ainscough R, Dear S, Thierry-Mieg J, Hillier L, Green P, Craxton M
[
Nature,
1992]
The long-term goal of this project is the elucidation of the complete sequence of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome. During the first year methods have been developed and a strategy implemented that is amenable to large-scale sequencing. The three cosmids sequenced in this initial phase are surprisingly rich in genes, many of which have mammalian homologues.AD - MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.FAU - Sulston, JAU - Sulston JFAU - Du, ZAU - Du ZFAU - Thomas, KAU - Thomas KFAU - Wilson, RAU - Wilson RFAU - Hillier, LAU - Hillier LFAU - Staden, RAU - Staden RFAU - Halloran, NAU - Halloran NFAU - Green, PAU - Green PFAU - Thierry-Mieg, JAU - Thierry-Mieg JFAU - Qiu, LAU - Qiu LAU - et al.LA - engPT - Journal ArticleCY - ENGLANDTA - NatureJID - 0410462RN - 0 (Cosmids)SB - IM
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Reboul J, Vandenhaute J, Tzellas N, Jackson C, Hartley JL, Lamesch PE, Vidal M, Brasch MA, Hill DE, Thierry-Mieg J, Thierry-Mieg N, Hitti J, Vaglio P, Thierry-Mieg D, Moore T, Shin-i T, Doucette-Stamm L, Temple GF, Lee H, Kohara Y
[
Nat Genet,
2001]
The genome sequences of Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster and Arabidopsis thaliana have been predicted to contain 19,000, 13,600 and 25,500 genes, respectively. Before this information can be fully used for evolutionary and functional studies, several issues need to be addressed. First, the gene number estimates obtained in silico and not yet supported by any experimental data need to be verified. For example, it seems biologically paradoxical that C. elegans would have 50% more genes than Drosophilia. Second, intron/exon predictions need to be tested experimentally. Third, complete sets of open reading frames (ORFs), or "ORFeomes," need to be cloned into various expression vectors. To address these issues simultaneously, we have designed and applied to C. elegans the following strategy. Predicted ORFs are amplified by PCR from a highly representative cDNA library using ORF-specific primers, cloned by Gateway recombination cloning and then sequenced to generate ORF sequence tags (OSTs) as a way to verify identity and splicing. In a sample (n=1,222) of the nearly 10,000 genes predicted ab initio (that is, for which no expressed sequence tag (EST) is available so far), at least 70% were verified by OSTs. We also observed that 27% of these experimentally confirmed genes have a structure different from that predicted by GeneFinder. We now have experimental evidence that supports the existence of at least 17,300 genes in C. elegans. Hence we suggest that gene counts based primarily on ESTs may underestimate the number of genes in human and in other organisms.AD - Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.FAU - Reboul, JAU - Reboul JFAU - Vaglio, PAU - Vaglio PFAU - Tzellas, NAU - Tzellas NFAU - Thierry-Mieg, NAU - Thierry-Mieg NFAU - Moore, TAU - Moore TFAU - Jackson, CAU - Jackson CFAU - Shin-i, TAU - Shin-i TFAU - Kohara, YAU - Kohara YFAU - Thierry-Mieg, DAU - Thierry-Mieg DFAU - Thierry-Mieg, JAU - Thierry-Mieg JFAU - Lee, HAU - Lee HFAU - Hitti, JAU - Hitti JFAU - Doucette-Stamm, LAU - Doucette-Stamm LFAU - Hartley, J LAU - Hartley JLFAU - Temple, G FAU - Temple GFFAU - Brasch, M AAU - Brasch MAFAU - Vandenhaute, JAU - Vandenhaute JFAU - Lamesch, P EAU - Lamesch PEFAU - Hill, D EAU - Hill DEFAU - Vidal, MAU - Vidal MLA - engID - R21 CA81658 A 01/CA/NCIID - RO1 HG01715-01/HG/NHGRIPT - Journal ArticleCY - United StatesTA - Nat GenetJID - 9216904SB - IM
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[
International C. elegans Meeting,
1995]
We hope to provide a demonstration of the current state of the ACeDB worm database on Unix workstations, and if possible Apple Macintosh, throughout the poster sessions. This will be based on the new version 4 release of the acedb software (Jean Thierry-Mieg, Richard Durbin and numerous others), which contains many new features for greater efficiency, more flexible printing, and display of new features.
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[
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health,
1985]
Infective larvae of subperiodic B. malayi from South Kalimantan (Borneo), Indonesia collected from laboratory-raised Ae. togoi mosquitoes after feeding on infected mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were inoculated subcutaneously into the groin areas of 15 SD and 36 LE rats. Blood was examined weekly by membrane filtration and thick smears starting 10 weeks post-infection. Microfilariae were found in 3 SD and 4 LE rats, the mf infection rate of 20% and 11% respectively. The prepatent period was significantly shorter in the SD rats (99-112 days) than those in the LE rats (110-153 days). The patent period was longer in the LE rats (208-703 days) than in the SD rats (236-543 days), and the mf density was similar (17.5 mf/20 c.mm blood against 16 mf/20 c.mm blood). At necropsy, 6 (3 female and 3 male) adult worms were recovered from 3 of 6 SD rats and 12 (9 female and 3 male) adult worms from 4 of 20 LE rats; all worms were found in the testes. The results of xenodiagnostic, histochemical staining and measuring spicules and protuberances, demonstrated clearly the difference between both species of Brugia. All dissected Ar. subalbatus mosquitoes exposed to B. pahangi became infected (100%), but none of those to subperiodic B. malayi were infected (0%). The mf of both species of Brugia in thick films stained with naphthol-AS-TR-phosphate showed that the excretory and anal pores of subperiodic B. malayi mf exhibited acid phosphatase activity and only a little activity was seen in other parts; while B. pahangi mf showed heavy diffuse acid phosphatase activity along the entire length of the body.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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[
Hermann, Editeurs des Sciences et des Arts. Paris, France.,
2002]
L'espce Caenorhabditis elegans fut dcrite en 1900 Alger par E. Maupas, qui s'intressait son mode de reproduction hermaphrodite. Plus tard, vers le milieu du vingtime sicle, V. Nigon et ses collaboratuers Lyon tudirent les reorganizations cellulaires accompagnant la fecundation et les premiers clivages. J. Brun isola les preiers mutants morpholgiques.
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[
Cell Biol Int Rep,
1987]
Multiple synaptonemal complexes (polycomplexes) (PC) are similar in structure to synaptonemal complexes (SC) and are also highly conserved through evolution. They have been described in over 70 organisms throughout all life forms. The appearance of PCs are restricted to meiotic and germ-line derived tissues and are most commonly present after SC formation. However, in a number of animals and plants, both extra- and intranuclear PCs are present during premeiotic and pre-pachytene stages. The structure and biochemical composition of PCs is similar to SCs that the basic unit is tripartite, consisting of two lateral elements and a central region (in which transverse elements are located), and the dimensions of such structures are equivalent. Stacking of SC subunits, while still maintaining equivalent SC dimensions, creates a problem since the lateral elements (LE) would then be twice as thick in the PC as compared to the SC. Recently, it has been shown that the LE of the SC is actually multistranded, thus the LE of each subunit of the PC is half as thick as its counterpart in the SC.
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[
International Worm Meeting,
2007]
The COP9/Signalosome (CSN) is an evolutionary conserved macromolecular complex that regulates the Cullin-RING Ligase (CRL) class of E3 ubiquitin ligases primarily by removing the ubiquitin-like protein Nedd8 from the cullin subunit. In the C. elegans embryo, the CSN controls degradation of the microtubule-severing protein MEI-1 through CUL-3 deneddylation. However, the molecular mechanisms of CSN function and its subunit composition remain to be elucidated. Here, using a proteomic approach, we have characterized the CSN and CUL-3 complexes from C. elegans embryos. We show that the CSN physically interacts with the CUL-3-based CRL and regulates its activity by counteracting the autocatalytic instability of the substrate-specific adaptor MEL-26. Importantly, we identified the uncharacterized protein K08F11.3/CIF-1 (COP9/Signalosome - eIF3) as a stoichiometric and functionally important subunit of the CSN complex. CIF-1 appears to be the only ortholog of Csn7 encoded by the C. elegans genome, but also exhibits extensive sequence similarity with eIF3m family members, which are required for initiation of protein translation. Indeed, CIF-1 binds eIF-3.F, and inactivation of
cif-1 impairs translation in vivo. Taken together, our results indicate that CIF-1 is a shared subunit of the CSN and eIF3-complexes, and may therefore link protein translation and degradation.
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[
International Worm Meeting,
2015]
We study the natural coevolution between Caenorhabditis briggsae and its two recently described RNA viruses called Santeuil and Le Blanc (1, 2). The main advantage of this system is to combine the access to wild host and virus populations with powerful molecular tools and experimental evolution designs. We characterized the incidence of the two C. briggsae viruses in France and found that they are found in sympatry. By monitoring the viral RNAs in wild-caught C. briggsae isolates using Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization, we demonstrated that the Le Blanc and Santeuil viruses could coexist in one host population, one animal and one intestinal cell. Molecular variation of the wild-caught viruses was assessed by sequencing their two RNA molecules. While both viruses' diversities are geographically structured, we detected balancing selection on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) locus in one local Santeuil population. Despite the frequent incidence of coinfection in the wild, we found no evidence for genetic exchange (recombination or RNA reassortment) between the Santeuil and Le Blanc viruses. However, we found clear evidence for RNA reassortment between different Santeuil virus variants. Finally, we investigated natural variation in C. briggsae resistance to each virus. We tested a set of wild isolates -representative of C. briggsae worldwide diversity- for their sensitivity to the Santeuil and Le Blanc viruses. While temperate C. briggsae genotypes are generally susceptible to both viruses, the tested tropical C. briggsae genotypes are resistant to both viruses. Most interestingly, two Japanese C. briggsae genotypes show specific resistance to the Le Blanc virus. To understand the genetic basis of the general and virus-specific resistances of C. briggsae, we carried out a QTL-mapping approach using recombinant inbred lines between AF16 and HK104 (3) and identified a main QTL region on chromosome IV responsible for the variation in resistance to Santeuil virus infection.(1) Felix, Ashe, Piffaretti et al. 2011 PloS Biology. (2) Franz et al. 2012 Journal of Virology. (3) Ross et al. 2011 PLoS Genetics..
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[
Parasite Immunol,
2009]
Among the causes of lymphoedema (LE), secondary LE due to filariasis is the most prevalent. It affects only a minority of the 120 million people infected with the causative organisms of lymphatic filariasis (LF), Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi/timori, but is clustered in families, indicating a genetic basis for development of this pathology. The majority of infected individuals develop filarial-specific immunosuppression that starts even before birth in cases where mothers are infected and is characterized by regulatory T-cell responses and high levels of IgG4, thus tolerating high parasite loads and microfilaraemia. In contrast, individuals with this pathology show stronger immune reactions biased towards Th1, Th2 and probably also Th17. Importantly, as for the aberrant lymph vessel development, innate immune responses that are triggered by the filarial antigen ultimately result in the activation of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), thus promoting lymph vessel hyperplasia as a first step to lymphoedema development. Wolbachia endosymbionts are major inducers of these responses in vitro, and their depletion by doxycycline in LF patients reduces plasma VEGF and soluble VEGF-receptor-3 levels to those seen in endemic normals preceding pathology improvement. The search for the immunogenetic basis for LE could lead to the identification of risk factors and thus, to prevention; and has so far led to the identification of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with potential functional relevance to VEGF, cytokine and toll-like receptor (TLR) genes. Hydrocele, a pathology with some similarity to LE in which both lymph vessel dilation and lymph extravasation are shared sequelae, has been found to be strongly associated with a VEGF-A SNP known for upregulation of this (lymph-)angiogenesis factor.